The development of which policing approach has opened new potential for progressive policing in agencies using both the traditional model and the problem-oriented model?

• A. Traditional policing
• B. Reactive policing
• C. Community-or-problem-oriented policing
• D. Community policing

Answer: (C)

Blending community engagement with systematic problem-solving creates a policing approach that unlocks new potential for progressive policing across agencies using either traditional or problem-oriented models. By bringing in partnerships with residents, businesses, and local organizations, officers gain better insight into what the community cares about and build legitimacy for their actions. At the same time, applying a structured method to identify, analyze, and address underlying causes of crime and disorder ensures interventions target root problems rather than just symptoms. For agencies still operating in a traditional, incident-driven way, this approach adds a proactive, collaborative dimension that guides where to intervene and why, moving beyond purely reactive responses. For agencies already using problem-oriented policing, it provides a path to sustain and scale effective solutions through community buy-in and ongoing collaboration, making outcomes more durable. Other approaches either focus only on partnerships or only on problem-solving, but combining both leverages the strengths of each to promote progressive policing.